Ukrainian culture has been fighting Russian oppression for centuries for its identity. They wanted to erase, suppress, physically deprive, killing the color of the nation – the people who created this culture. On Remembrance Day, we can remember the names of those whose lives ended in the Sandarmokh tract – on the 27th of June and 1–4 leaf fall, 1111 individuals were shot, among them the colors of the Ukrainian intelligentsia.
Zustrich of Kharkov and Kiev Mitzi (Kiev, 1923), which will later be called “Rozstrilyanim reverodzhennyam”
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On September 5, 1937, the order of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) “About anti-radian elements” came to a head. Mass killings of people, so-called “enemies of the people” began: writers, artists, Mitzi, scientists, engineers, military officers. Their court reports were fabricated – people were convicted for their participation in powerful organizations and the preparation of obvious sabotage. Virok alone – mortal punishment.
In 1937, during the outbreak of the Red Terror, one of the largest punitive operations of the NKVS took place in the Sandarmokh tract near distant Karelia. In just a few days from the 27th year, 4 leaves fell, and there was a massive massacre of the Ukrainian intelligentsia. The NKVS shot 1,111 people, killing 287 Ukrainians and people closely associated with Ukraine. That regime killed Les Kurbas, Mykola Kulish, Valerian Pidmogilny, Mark Voronoi, Mykola Zerov and other striking articles of the Ukrainian revival of the 20s of the twentieth century. Almost 10 thousand people of 58 nationalities and ethnic groups were impoverished by this terrible fox. We can imagine the number of special features that Ukraine spent in those terrible days.
Les Kurbas
Les Kurbas is a director, actor, theater theorist, founder of modern Ukrainian theater. Having known 8 foreign countries, having built 6 new theaters, and being the first among the peasants, we took Pariska to the theatrical sign. He was arrested and sentenced for 5 years for involvement in the counter-revolutionary-terrorist Ukrainian military organization and for the intention to kill another secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine. The director didn’t bother to create on what was sent, but put about ten p’es. In 1937, his family and his comrade Mikola Kulish were shot on Solovki in the Sandarmokh tract. And Valentina Chistyakov’s friends reported that the man had died of a stroke. Until the end of his days, the exact cause of Les Kurbas’s death will not be known.
Les Kurbas
Valer'yan Pidmogilny
Valer'yan Podmogilny is a writer, editor, one of the most important Ukrainian translators of French literature. The founder of psychological realism in the literature of the Ukrainian revolution, the author of famous novels – “Mist” and “Little Drama”. He will be arrested for charges of “participation in a terrorist organization that committed itself to organizing terrorism against the political party.” Judgments for the term of 10 years with confiscation of a special mine. In two days there will be shootings in the Sandarmokh tract.
Valer'yan Pidmogilny
Mykola Kulish
Mykola Kulish is a Ukrainian writer, director, playwright, and representative of the Russian Revolution. Since the mid-1920s, Kulish has become one of the central items of Ukrainian literary, civil and mystical life, as well as the central item of the then Ukrainian dramaturgy. That year, at the fall of leaves in 1926, it was elected by the president of “WAPLITE” and until now 1928, the rock has embraced this planting. Kulish was close friends with Kurbas and worked closely with the Berezil Theater. Since the beginning of the 1930s, most of his works, which had previously become popular, were subject to great criticism from the side of power. Before the funeral of a friend, he was arrested by the NKVS authorities and was accused of belonging to a nationalist terrorist organization with ties to the OUN. The Supreme Court's Supreme Court (together with V. Pidmogilny, G. Epik, E. Pluzhnik, etc.) condemned up to 10 rocks of Solovetsky camps. Behind the decision of a special trio of NKVS in the Leningrad region of executions in the Sandarmokh tract.
Mykola Kulish
Mykola Zerov
Mikola Zerov – singer, literary scholar, professor, leader of the “neoclassicalists” and translator of ancient poetry. In the fall of 1923, he became a professor at the Kiev Institute of Public Education. At this time, the elitist group of active Ukrainian culture had risen, which was formed by Georgiy Narbut, at whose meetings the problems of the development of Ukrainian literature, painting, and graphics were discussed. The deep insight into the philosophical essence of Butya, Vishukana Mova, the high literary mastery of Zerov opposed the current authorities and prevailed. 1925 rivers can be considered the pinnacle of his literary critical activity. Only the magazine “Life and Revolution” has published 17 materials. And there were also publications in other books of hours, speeches, lectures before students. In 1926, the political persecution of neoclassicals, including Zerova, began to fail. On the night of April 28, 1935, Zerova was arrested and sentenced to ten days of freedom from law enforcement labor camps with the confiscation of the property belonging to the Yom. After two decisions, a special trio of UNKVS in the Leningrad region received “judgments” before execution, which took place in the Sandarmokh tract.
Mykola Zerov
Stepan Rudnitsky
Stepan Rudnitsky is a Ukrainian geographer, ethnographer and academician. His particular merit is that he initiated the cartographic direction in Ukrainian geography. Indeed, Ukraine has not recently been represented in cartographic studies as a whole expansive unit. Rudnytskyi contributed to Lviv gymnasiums, was a professor of economic geography at the Academy of Trade at Vidnya and dean of the Faculty of Philosophy at the Great Pedagogical Institute. Drahomanov in Prazі. In 1926 he came to the Ukrainian Socialist Republic, where he established the Department of Topology and Cartography at the Geodetic Institute in Kharkov, and in 1927 he organized the Ukrainian Scientific and Postgraduate Institute of Geography and Cartography. Such boisterous activity of the academician earns the respect of the NKVD authorities. In 1933, his family was arrested and accused of belonging to a counter-revolutionary organization and spying, and sentenced to five years of liberty. 3 leaf falls in 1937 were shot at the Sandarmokh tract.
Stepan Rudnitsky
